Types of Diamonds: Exploring Natural, Lab-Grown and Exotic Gems

Diamonds, the fascinating gems that have captured attention for ages, now exist in more forms than ever before. Along with natural diamonds, the industry has seen the rise of lab-grown diamonds and various imitation stones. Diamonds are no longer limited to the classic gemstones; they differ based on origin, colour and purpose.

Understanding these types allows customers to select diamonds that match their preferences, values and long-term expectations.

Natural Diamonds: Earth’s Precious Gems

Natural diamonds are formed deep within the Earth under extreme heat and pressure over millions of years. These are sourced through mining from kimberlite pipes, alluvial deposits and selected marine environments. Their value is determined by the 4Cs (colour, cut, clarity and carat weight) along with market conditions.

Lab-Grown Diamonds: Innovations in the Jewellery Industry

Lab-grown diamonds, the sustainable alternatives to natural diamonds, are masterpieces created through advanced scientific processes. Grown in controlled laboratory environments, lab-grown diamonds possess the same physical, chemical and optical properties as natural diamonds, making them real diamonds by scientific definition. High Pressure, High Temperature (HPHT) and Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) are the two most widely used methods to develop these sparkling gems. 

Coloured Diamonds: Nature’s Rare Treasures

While a perfect diamond is typically colourless, coloured diamonds form when trace elements or structural variations alter the crystal lattice. Recognised coloured diamonds include:

• Yellow diamonds: Formed due to the presence of nitrogen; vibrant and accessible.

• Pink diamonds: Extremely rare and get their colour due to structural distortions.

• Blue diamonds: Coloured by traces of boron and are available in deep shades.

• Green diamonds: The most expensive form of diamonds, resulting from exposure to natural radiation.

• Brown diamonds: Also known as champagne or cognac diamonds, are the most commonly found diamonds.

Besides these, the Hope diamond, the Tiffany diamond, the Pink Star diamond, the Golden Jubilee diamond and the Sancy diamond are the world’s most famous and renowned coloured diamonds.

Industrial Diamonds: Powering Technology and Industry

Industrial diamonds are more suitable for making tools rather than jewellery. Their exceptional hardness makes them ideal for manufacturing cutting tools, drills and abrasives. With the growing industrial demand, lab-grown diamonds play a key role in producing industrial diamonds. They ensure stable supply, uniform size and scalability, making them the preferred choice for modern use.

Other Diamond Types: Exotic and Unique Varieties

• Synthetic and Imitation Diamonds: These diamonds include stones that are identical to natural diamonds but differ in composition and structure. Some common types include:

• Moissanite: It is one of the hardest gemstones and is composed of silicon carbide. Its thermal conductivity, optical properties and sturdiness make it the most sought-after for commercial and industrial purposes.

• Cubic Zirconia: It is a type of diamond simulant composed of zirconium oxide. These synthesised stones are hard, colourless and visually resemble natural diamonds but lack durability and brilliance.

These stones serve as alternatives in certain markets but are not substitutes for natural or lab-grown diamonds in terms of authenticity or long-term value.

Carbonado (Black Diamonds) and Rare Varieties

• Carbonado, also known as black diamonds, is formed through crystallisation of many tiny diamond crystals bonding tightly. This structure has a dark appearance with exceptional toughness, making it suitable for both jewellery and specialised industrial applications.

• Ballas is a natural spherical diamond aggregate formed due to the concentric arrangement of tiny diamond crystals. They are preferred in making grinding wheels, cutting saws and other industrial tools due to their toughness.

• Boron-containing diamonds are very rare and display hues of blue. They hold high value due to their unique physical and optical properties.

Classification of Diamond Types

Diamonds are classified based on categories such as colour, origin, purpose and physical structure. This classification helps buyers and investors understand the differences and value of each type. It enables them to buy according to their requirements.

By origin
Based on the origin, diamonds are classified into two categories: natural and lab-grown. Natural diamonds are formed over millions of years within the Earth’s mantle, while lab-grown diamonds are created in laboratories within weeks.

By colour
Diamonds are further categorised into colourless, near-colourless and coloured varieties. Coloured diamonds derive their colour from trace elements such as boron and nitrogen.

By quality and purpose
Superior quality diamonds are suitable for jewellery due to their brilliance and clarity. While inferior-quality diamonds such as industrial diamonds are rigid and are preferred for industrial purposes.

By structure
Certain rare varieties, such as carbonado and ballas, have unique structural compositions and are used for specialised applications. 

Conclusion 

The world of diamonds is diverse, with each type offering distinct characteristics and appeal. Whether it is the natural charm of Earth-formed diamonds, the modern brilliance of lab-grown diamonds or the rarity of exotic varieties, every diamond serves a specific purpose.

With the industry evolving towards sustainable luxury, lab-grown diamonds have become a preferred choice for many buyers. Dileti continues to bring elegance and innovation together by offering certified lab-grown diamonds and refined diamond jewellery crafted for today’s customers.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the difference between natural and lab-grown diamonds?
Natural diamonds form in the earth; lab-grown diamonds are made using scientific processes. Both share the same crystal structure.

Are coloured diamonds rare?
Yes, especially blue, pink, and red diamonds; these are highly valued and often set auction records.

Are synthetic diamonds the same as lab-grown diamonds?
Yes, “synthetic” refers to diamonds made in a lab, but they are real diamonds by scientific standards.

How can I tell what type of diamond I have?
Certification (GIA, IGI) and expert gemological analysis reveal a diamond’s type and origin.

What makes lab-grown diamonds different from diamond simulants?
Lab-grown diamonds are made of pure carbon in a crystalline structure, while simulants such as moissanite and cubic zirconia differ in composition, durability and brilliance.